“If you can’t explain it simply, that means you don’t understand it well enough” says Einstein on understanding and explaining things. Richard Feynman, another brilliant physicist, was famous to make people understand physics in an intuitive way. After Feynman, there was a person who took this teaching intuitively thing to a whole new level. His books spark out the enthusiasm of a person. “A brief history of time”, his first popular science book, inspired a number of people in a very subtle way. The book was written in such a simple way that even a person with no science background can thoroughly enjoy the book. Hawking made a lot of contributions to the physics community. He was popular for researching black holes. If you want to study about Black holes then you have to learn everything done by Stephen hawking. Black holes, the crazy intense gravitational astronomical objects were enticing, are enticing and will be an enticing subject. The black holes first came into existence in the equations developed by Einstein. The equations are known as Einstein’s Field Equations. Now this discussion is a part of General relativity, there is no modern physics here, there is no quantum mechanics to boggle your mind. (Let me just say one thing the maths of quantum mechanics is way simpler than that of any other branch of physics, but the concepts are way tougher. In General-relativity as far as I think you will sooner or later get the idea but the maths is tough, I mean that’s a real deal). There were physicists after Einstein who started to work on ideas that combine Cosmology (Black holes are Cosmological part of General relativity) and Quantum mechanics. This gave birth to Quantum cosmology. After the rise of Quantum mechanics physicists started to merge it with other branches of physics in order to get a deeper level of understanding. Electrodynamics plus Quantum mechanics gives you Quantum Electrodynamics, Gravity plus Quantum mechanics gives you the concept of Quantum Gravity. This is not a wordplay, it actually makes sense. So, What is the combination of Quantum Mechanics and General relativity? Is it Quantum relativity. NOPE! There exists no such thing as Quantum relativity, the term sounds relevant but the real term makes more sense (for some physicists it is still worthless). You might have guessed it by now, it is none other than one of the most criticized theories of all time, String theory. Hawking had nothing to do with it, so we are restricting this to Quantum Cosmology.
Hawking hadn’t only improvised the notion of Black holes but also introduced something new to it. He discovered an entirely new phenomenon happening with black holes, he discovered that they emit radiations ( Now known as Hawking Radiations). This sounds interesting. But wait a second, we know that matter cannot escape from it, light cannot escape from it then how the heck these radiations are escaping out of it. But this wasn’t the cause of the argument, the argument begins with the explanation of these radiations. Hawking explains that the cosmological constant ( vacuum energy ) is everywhere in the space and Black hole which posses singularity is a void where this energy cannot play its part. But we know in nature there has to be something to balance something. Now here the something is ‘Vaccum Energy’ that is going to be balanced by black hole. What black hole does is, it create pairs of such particles that are forming vacuum energy.
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